往期回顧
停
停
停
中考考點整合
在初中階段,有8種時態需要我們掌握。
1.一般現在時
(1) 用法:一般現在時表示現在的狀態或主語具備的性質和能力,表示現在的習慣或經常性的動作,表示客觀真理、科學事實、格言等。
(2)謂語動詞:當主語是非第三人稱單數用動詞原形。當主語是第三人稱單數用動詞的第三人稱單數形式。(同名詞單數變復數規則)
(3)常用的時間狀語有often , , , , every day , once a week , on 等。
(4)表客觀真理、科學事實,要用一般現在時。如:
The told us that the sun doesn’t go round the earth.
注意:在賓語從句中,主句是過去時,從句仍用一般現在時。
(5)在時間和條件狀語從句中,用一般現在時代替一般將來時。即我們常說的主將從現。如:
You’ll do it much if you’re more with your .
【例1】I hated my new at first, but I made lots of and now I _____ it.
A. get B. take C. fit D. love
答案D
【例2】—Mary, could you tell me if your _____ our ?
—I think she will come to if she _____ free.
A. will take part in ; will be
B. takes part in; is
C. will take part in; is
D. takes part in; will be
答案C
2.現在進行時
(1)用法:表示說話時或現階段正在發生的動作。
(2) 謂語動詞be(am/is/are)+ doing(動詞的現在分詞)
(3)常用的時間狀語是 now, 如果前面有 或look 時,后邊的句子也常用現在進行時。如:
She is to her now.
! is in the next room .現在進行時表示正在進行的動作。
(4)現在分詞的構成規則:
① 一般的動詞在后面直接加 -ing。如: , .
② 以重讀閉音節結尾現在進行時動詞變化規則,末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞,先雙寫這個輔音字母,然后再加 —ing . 如:stop — , run — 。
③ 以ie 結尾的動詞,先變ie 為y ,再加—ing 。如:lie — lying , die — dying。
④ 以不發音字母e 結尾的動詞,先去e 再加ing 。
如:skate — , write — 。
(5)下列動詞通常不用進行時:
表感覺的動詞:see , hear , feel , seem 等。
表情感的動詞:hate , love , wish , 等。
表從屬或占有的動詞:have , own , 等。
表理解或記憶的動詞:know , , , 等。
(6) 表位置轉移的動詞come , go , , leave 等可用進行時表示將要發生的動作。
Look out ! The train is .
My is for Hong Kong next month.
【例3】The of the world _____ still _____ now.
A.will; grow B. has; grown
C. is; D. is; grown
答案C
【例4】— Jack is busy .(行李 )
— Yes. for on .
A. B. left
C. is D. has been away
答案C
3.一般過去時
(1)用法:一般過去時表示發生在過去的動作或存在的狀態。
(2)謂語動詞:用動詞的過去式。
(3)常見的過去時間狀語有:, the day ( 短語), last week(last 短語) , two days ago(ago 短語), just now, in 2004(其他 短語)等。
(4)過去式的構成
規則動詞的變化規則有:一般情況直接加-ed, 以e結尾加-d, 輔音字母加y結尾,y變i再加-ed, 重讀閉音節結尾的單詞,末尾只有一個輔音字母, 雙寫這輔音字母再加-ed;不規則變化的見不規則變化表。
【例5】He went into his room, _____ the light and began to work.
A. has on B. off
C. on D. has off
答案C
【例6】Many _____ food and water to the local in Japan after the .
A. gave out B. cut out
C. put out D. found out
答案A
4.過去進行時
(1) 用法:表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行的動作。
(2) 構成:was / were + doing
(3) 常用的時間狀語有:this time , at ten , at the time , when , while 引導的時間狀語從句等。如:
—What were you doing this time ?
—I was with my .
(4) 過去進行時與一般過去時的區別在于:前者過去正在進行,而后者指過去發生了這一動作,不強調正在進行。
注意:①在含有時間狀語從句的復合句中,延續時間較長的動作用過去進行時現在進行時動詞變化規則,另一個動作用一般過去時,如:
What were you doing when the came?
②若表示兩個延續動作在過去某一時刻同時發生,則主句和從句都用過去進行時。
The were while the was their .
【例7】—I you at 4:00 , but no one .
—Sorry, I my at that time.
A. swim B. swam
C. will swim D. was
答案D
5.一般將來時
(1) 用法:一般將來時表示將來某個時候發生的動作或存在的狀態。
(2) 常用的時間狀語有:短語: , , the day after ;next短語:next week, next month; in短語:in a week, in ; 其他短語:等。
(3)謂語動詞:
A.be going to 結構
be going to 結構常用表示“打算、準備、將要”,常指計劃或安排將要發生的動作。be going to 后接動詞原形,be根據人稱有am , is , are 三種形式。
B. will/shall+動詞原形。前者可用于各種人稱,它表示不以人的意志為轉移的自然發展的未來事情,用will。當問對方是否愿意做某事和表示客氣的邀請或命令時,用will。表示帶“愿意”色彩的將來時,用will。而shall 僅用于第一人稱,用于疑問句時,表示詢問或征求意見。
【例8】If there _____ no and of , there _____ no in .
A.is; will be B. will be; will be
C. is; is D. will be; is
答案A
6.現在完成時
表示某動作開始于過去并持續到現在,還有可能會持續下去。它常與for+時段,since+時間點連用。它也可表示某動作在說話之前已完成,但對現在有影響,它常與never,just,ever,時段+,,yet等副詞連用,其構成為:have/has+過去分詞。
注意:現在完成進行時是由have/has been+doing構成。它表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續到現在的動作。這一動作可能剛剛開始,也可能仍在繼續,并可能延續到將來。
現在完成時的結構和用法
現在完成時:表示到目前為止動作已經完成并對現在造成某種后果和影響。
1)構成:助動詞have 或has + 過去分詞
2)用法:
①表示過去的某一動作對現在造成影響和結果,常與 , yet , ever , never , just , , once , twice 等時間狀語連用。如:
I have the .
②表示過去發生的動作或存在的狀態一直持續到現在,還可能繼續下去。通常使用可延續行為動詞,并與for + 時間段 , since + 時間點/時間段ago /從句,in the past ten years 等表示一段時間的狀語連用。有時也可用現在完成進行時:have / has + been + v . —ing. 如:
I hate for two hours. = I have been for two hours.
要點提示:
a . 英語中有些動詞,如:come , go , begin 等,只能表示極其短暫的動作即動作發生后立即結束,這些動詞稱為終止性動詞,不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。
b . 它們與表示一段時間的狀語連用時常借助以下表示方式:
終止性動詞改為be + adj . / adv . 結構。常見的終止性動詞變為延續性動詞的有:
—be , begin / start—be on , buy—have , come / go / /get—be here(there, in …) , / lend—keep , get up—be up , leave—be away(from…),open—be open , —be over , die—be dead , go out—be out , put on—wear , fall —be , catch a cold—have a cold , get —be 等。如:
The has been on for ten .
音樂會已經開始十分鐘了。
用“It is + 時間 + since + 主語 + 過去時”表示。如:
It is ten since the began.
用“時間 + has + sice + 主語 + 過去時”表示。如:
Ten has since the began.
c. 終止性動詞的否定式可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如:
I haven’t his for two .
【例9】— me, where is Mr Brown’s ?
—Sorry, I don’know. I _____ here for only a few days.
A. work B.
C. have D. will work
答案C
【例10】—China so fast.
—That’s true. It _____ a lot .
A. B.
C. will D. has
答案D
【例11】—How do you like your ?
—He is great. We all love him. We _____ since three years ago.
A. were B. have made
C. have been D. have
答案C
7.過去將來時
過去將來時表示從過去的某時來看,將要發生的動作或存在的狀態。其構成為:①would+動詞原形;②was(were)+going to+動詞原形。另外,表示位置移動的動詞可用過去進行時代替過去將來時。
8.過去完成時
過去完成時主要表現在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或存在的狀態,或過去某一時刻之前發生的動作或狀態持續到過去某個時間。其構成為:had+過去分詞。它常與by+過去時間,by the end of+過去時,by the time+從句等連用。
【例12】He _____ in for five years when I heard his news.
A. has lived B. had lived
C. is D. has been lived
答案B
實戰演練
( )1.Mary isn’t here at the . She _____ later.
A. . came
C. has comeD.is
( )2.You take off your dirty shoes you _____ the new flat.
A. . find
C. . enter
( )3.— have the way we live.
—So they are for the great they .
A. do B. did
C. are doing D. had done
( )4.—The is . Have you ever any other ?
—Yes. Also, the Great Wall.
A. have gone B. have been
C. had gone D. had been
( )5.—Alan, it’s late. Why not go to bed?
—Jenny hasn’t come back yet. I _____ for her.
A. B. have
C. am D. was
( )6.A , .I'm if Mr. Smith .
A. isB. being
C. to be D. will be
( )7. The girl next to me on the plane was very , for she ____ .
A. didn’t fly B. hasn’t flown
C. hadn’t flown D.wasn’t
( )8. Some in _____ e-bags for .
A.haveB. have had
C. had D. will have
( )9.— You don’t look well, Don! You’d see your .
— I , but he said there was wrong.
A. willB. . hadD. have
( )10. —Let’s go if .
—But knows if .
A.is fine; will rain B. will be fine; rains
C. will be fine; will rainD. is fine; rains
( )11.Mr. White came to our in 2008, and since then he _____ us .
A. B.
C. has D. will teach
( )12.—It’s to swim here. Look at the sign.
—Oh, I _____ it. for me.
A. haven’t B. won’t
C. don’t D. didn’t
( )13.The girl with two cats the yard when the ..
A. was . is
C. are . were
( )14.I’m now in New York with my Jenny. We plane on .
A. B.
C. are . will
( )15. —It’s ! When did it start?
—I don’t know . In fact,it_ all this .
A. lasts B. has
C. D. will last
( )16. —Can you give some about Paris?
—Sorry, I _____ to Paris, so I know about it.
A. don’t
B. won’t
C. haven’t
D. hasn’t
( )17. —I went to see you at three o’clock , but you weren’t at home.
—Oh, I _____ a film with my in a .
A. saw B. was
C. have seen D. am
( )18.There _____ a match Class One and Class Three this ..
A.is gong to beB. will have
C. are going to be D. is going to have
( )19.—I hear Sam has gone to for a .
—Oh, how nice. Do you know when .
A. left B. was
C. has left D. had left
( )20.—I hear Anna will give up the piano.
—If she ____, her will be mad at her.
A. will B. does C. do D. is
本期答案在下期,敬請關注。
上期動詞分類練習參考答案動詞的分類:1-5 BBBDC 6-動詞辨析 1-5 ACBDB 6-10 CDCCC 11-15 ADACD 16-20 CADAA
不要忘了點擊下方“在看”喲,歡迎轉發分享!